Russian Blue

Breed Overview

Introduction

The Russian Blue cat, with its striking emerald eyes and shimmering silver-blue coat, is often described as the “gem of the feline world“.

Possessing an air of quiet elegance and aristocratic charm, these cats are as intelligent as they are beautiful.

Beyond their captivating appearance, Russian Blues are known for their gentle nature, deep loyalty, and playful spirit, making them cherished companions for those who understand their unique needs and appreciate their reserved yet affectionate demeanor.

Breed History

The precise origins of the Russian Blue are shrouded in a bit of mystery, but most experts agree that this ancient breed likely hails from the Archangel Isles (Arkhangelsk) in Northern Russia.

It is believed that these cats, with their dense, warm double coats, developed naturally in the harsh northern climate, serving as skilled rodent hunters on ships.

Sailors are thought to have brought them to Great Britain and other parts of Europe in the mid-1800s.  

Early in their history, Russian Blues were showcased at the world’s first cat show at London’s Crystal Palace in 1875, where they were initially categorized as “Archangel Cats” and competed alongside other solid blue cat breeds.

Their unique qualities, however, soon earned them their own distinct class in 1912, a testament to their growing recognition.

From the early 20th century until World War II, Scandinavian breeders played a pivotal role in refining and developing the breed. The war, however, severely impacted their numbers, bringing the breed close to extinction.

Post-war efforts by dedicated English and Scandinavian breeders, involving careful outcrossing with breeds like the blue British Shorthair and blue point Siamese, were crucial in reviving their lineage.

Later, North American breeders imported cats from both European lines, further shaping the Russian Blue known today.

Beyond their documented history, Russian Blues are steeped in folklore. They are rumored to have been cherished pets of Russian Czars and even favorites of Queen Victoria.

Old Russian folktales consider them symbols of good luck, healing, and protection, with legends of them warding off evil spirits and even healing an ill Russian prince. This rich cultural tapestry adds to their enigmatic and aristocratic allure.

Physical Characteristics

The Russian Blue is a medium-sized cat, renowned for its elegant and graceful physique. Males typically weigh between 7–15 pounds (3.2–6.8 kg), while females range from 5.5–10 pounds (2.5–4.5 kg).

Despite their fine boning, they possess a lithe and muscular “Foreign” or “Semi-Foreign” body type, appearing solid without excessive bulk.

Their long, fine-boned legs and small, well-rounded feet contribute to an appearance of standing and walking on tiptoe, enhancing their aristocratic bearing.  

Perhaps the most striking feature of the Russian Blue is its luxurious double coat. This short, dense, and plush fur is uniquely silver-tipped blue, giving it a shimmering, almost “glittery” effect that reflects light like moire silk as the cat moves.

The coat’s density is such that running fingers through it can leave small “footprints”. This distinctive blue-gray coloring is a result of a diluted black-hair gene.

While the Cat Fanciers’ Association (CFA) only recognizes the blue color, other associations may accept them in white or black, though these are less common.

Interestingly, some Russian Blue kittens are born with faint “ghost tabby markings,” which are a nod to the tabby gene present in all cats, but these typically fade as they mature.

Their head is a modified wedge shape, characterized by seven angular planes, and features wide, high cheekbones that frame their most captivating feature: their eyes.

Russian Blues are famous for their vivid emerald-green eyes, which are large, almost round, and set wide apart.

A fascinating aspect of their development is that Russian Blue kittens are born with yellow eyes, which gradually transition to the iconic green by around four months of age.

The combination of their wide eye-set and slightly upturned corners of the mouth gives them a sweet, enigmatic smile, often compared to the Mona Lisa’s famous expression.

Behavior and Personality

Russian Blues are renowned for their gentle nature, keen intelligence, and affectionate demeanor, though their expression of love is often on their own terms.  

They are typically quiet cats, but can develop a surprisingly large vocabulary and will “talk” to their humans if engaged. This vocalization is often soft, sounding like a purr or a “meow-whisper”.   

A defining trait of the Russian Blue is their reserved and somewhat introverted nature, especially around strangers. They may initially be shy, preferring to observe from a distance or even hide when new people are present.  

This behavior is not a sign of aggression but rather a preference for calm and peaceful environments. However, once they feel comfortable and form a bond, they become incredibly loyal and affectionate companions.  

They often choose one favorite human, forming a deep connection and frequently following that person from room to room, desiring to be in the same space.  

While they enjoy lengthy cuddling sessions, they are not overly clingy and will “grace you with their presence on their terms and time”. Their sensitivity to their pet parent’s emotions is notable; they may even attempt to cheer up a sad owner with gentle purrs or head butts.   

Russian Blues are highly intelligent and possess a remarkable mechanical aptitude, often viewing closed cabinets or containers as challenges to be overcome.  

They are known to be punctual for mealtimes and will promptly remind their owners if a feeding is missed. Changes in environment or routine can make them anxious.   

Despite their preference for calm, Russian Blues are adaptable cats. They can thrive in various home environments, from bustling city apartments to quiet suburban houses, as long as their need for routine and a peaceful retreat is met.  

They are independent enough to be content home alone for extended periods, making them suitable for working singles, provided they have ample enrichment to keep their minds engaged.  

They generally get along well with children and other cat-friendly pets, especially if the children are older and understand how to interact gently and respectfully.

Care Guide

Diet

Russian Blues are known for their hearty appetites and can be prone to obesity, which can lead to other health issues like diabetes and joint problems. Therefore, managing their diet is crucial.

Some Russian Blues can be sensitive to certain foods, with allergies to ingredients like milk, beef, and corn potentially causing adverse reactions, including excessive shedding.

A diet rich in animal-based proteins and healthy fats, with minimal carbohydrates, is beneficial for their overall health, coat quality, and to prevent issues like abnormal shedding and weight gain. Providing dental chews can also contribute to their oral health.   

Exercise

Despite their calm demeanor and enjoyment of resting alone, Russian Blues have a muscular build and require regular exercise and mental stimulation to stay healthy and prevent obesity.

They possess a high prey drive, a remnant of their wild origins, which can be satisfied through interactive play.  

Activities they enjoy include playing fetch, chasing small balls or plastic springs, and batting teaser wand toys or feathers.

Providing multi-level cat trees with climbable surfaces, platforms, and tunnels is essential, as they love to jump and climb to high places for observation.

While they are content indoors, a secure outdoor space like a “catio” can provide additional opportunities for exploration and energy expenditure.  

Environment & Enrichment

Russian Blues appreciate a structured routine and a peaceful home environment. They are sensitive to changes and prefer predictability, which makes a consistent schedule for feeding and playtime particularly important.

While adaptable, a chaotic or overly noisy household might lead them to seek out quiet, private nooks to sleep or retreat. Providing such safe, quiet spaces is crucial for their well-being.  

Their intelligence and curiosity mean they require ample mental stimulation to prevent boredom. They are also excellent climbers and explorers, so childproof locks on cabinets and blocking dangerous small spaces might be necessary to ensure their safety.

Grooming

The Russian Blue’s short, dense double coat is surprisingly low-maintenance, making grooming relatively simple compared to many other breeds. Excessive fuss can actually damage their unique coat.  

Weekly brushing with a soft-bristle brush or grooming mitt is generally sufficient to remove loose hairs, distribute natural oils, and maintain the coat’s sleek, shiny appearance.

This routine is particularly helpful in minimizing shedding, especially during seasonal transitions (spring and fall) when shedding may naturally increase.

Russian Blues do not require frequent baths as their coat naturally resists dirt and oils, making them largely self-cleaning. 

Dental hygiene is crucial as Russian Blues can be prone to dental diseases like gingivitis and periodontal disease. Brushing their teeth several times a week with a vet-approved toothpaste helps prevent plaque buildup and more serious issues.  

Mental Stimulation

Given their high intelligence and curious nature, Russian Blues require significant mental stimulation to prevent boredom and potential behavioral issues.

Their mechanical aptitude means they enjoy challenges, and without adequate outlets, they might resort to mischievous behaviors.  

Engaging them with puzzle toys that dispense treats, teaching them tricks using positive reinforcement, and playing interactive games like fetch are excellent ways to keep their minds active.

Providing vertical spaces like cat trees and window perches allows them to indulge their natural desire to observe and explore their “dominion” from above, satisfying their innate curiosity. Rotating toys regularly ensures novelty and maintains their interest.

Health Concerns

Is This Breed Right for You?

FAQ

Are Russian Blue cats truly hypoallergenic? 

While no cat breed is 100% hypoallergenic, Russian Blues are considered relatively hypoallergenic. This is attributed to their low shedding level and lower production of the Fel d 1 protein, a common allergen found in cat saliva and skin. Individuals with mild to moderate cat allergies may tolerate them better, but those with severe allergies should still exercise caution and consult an allergy specialist.  

What is the “Mona Lisa smile” of a Russian Blue? 

Russian Blues have a distinctive facial expression characterized by a slightly upturned mouth and expressive eyes, which gives them a subtle, sweet smile often compared to the famous Mona Lisa painting.  

Do Russian Blue kittens have different eye colors than adults? 

Yes. Unlike most kittens born with blue eyes, Russian Blue kittens are born with yellow eyes. Their eye color gradually transitions to the vibrant emerald green that is characteristic of the adult breed, typically by the time they are four months old.  

Are Russian Blues good with children and other pets? 

Russian Blues can be good companions for families with children and can get along well with other cat-friendly pets after an initial period of caution. However, they are best suited for homes with older children and adults who understand how to interact gently and respectfully, as they can be wary of very young children or constant, boisterous activity.  

Do Russian Blues like to be left alone? 

Russian Blues are independent and can comfortably handle periods of solitude, making them suitable for working singles or those who are away from home for extended periods. However, it’s crucial to provide them with ample enrichment, such as interactive toys, scratching posts, and window perches, to keep them mentally engaged and prevent boredom.  

Bonus Facts

Ancient Origins & Royal Connections

The Russian Blue is considered one of the oldest cat breeds, with its history intertwined with Russian folklore. Legends suggest they were cherished pets of Russian Czars and even possessed healing influences, sometimes placed in nurseries to ward off evil spirits and protect newborns.  

“Glittery” Coat

Their unique coat shimmer is not just due to silver tipping, but also because the outer hairs have silver tips caused by a diluted version of the black-hair gene, making them appear “covered in glitter”.  

Pop Culture Icons

The popular internet meme “Nyan Cat” was inspired by the illustrator’s own Russian Blue cat, Marty. Fans of the classic “Tom and Jerry” cartoon also speculate that Tom, with his blue-gray hue and green eyes, might be a Russian Blue.  

Near Extinction

The breed faced near extinction during World War II due to a lack of resources for breeders, but was saved through dedicated efforts by cat enthusiasts in Europe and America.  

Appear Larger Than They Are

Due to their fine bones and dense double-layered coats, Russian Blues often appear larger and fluffier than their actual slim frames. This becomes evident when their fur gets wet during baths, revealing their more delicate build.  

Distinct from Other Blues

Despite sometimes being confused with other blue cat breeds like the British Shorthair or Chartreux, Russian Blues are distinct. They are known for their vibrant emerald green eyes (unlike the yellow/gold eyes of British Blues), softer, silkier, shimmery fur, and more sleek, regal bodies.  

References

“Russian Blue”. Breed Profiles. The Cat Fanciers’ Association. Archived from the original on 15 October 2013. Retrieved 11 October 2013. Many believe the Russian Blue is a natural breed originating from the Archangel Isles in northern Russia, where the long winters developed a cat with a dense, plush coat. Rumors also abound that the Russian Blue breed descended from the cats kept by the Russian Czars, which was rumoured to hunt the brown bear. Assuming the Russian Blue did migrate from northern Russia, it was likely via ship to Great Britain and northern Europe in the mid 1860s.

Alderton, David (1992). Cats (Eyewitness Handbook). Dorling Kindersley. p. 182. ISBN 1-56458-070-9.

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“The Cat Show”. The Times of London. London, UK. 16 May 1872.

Weir, Harrison (1895). Our Cats and All About Them. Houghton. p. 66.

“Is my cat a Russian Blue?”. Russianblue.info. Archived from the original on 19 March 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2011.

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“Russian Blue”. www.petmd.com. Retrieved 16 November 2022.

Smith, Derek (10 November 2014). “Russian Blue information and facts you should know”. Russian Blue Love – The cutest Russian Blue kittens on the planet. Russianbluelove.com. Retrieved 31 January 2019.