Chronic Diarrhea in Cats: Effective Remedies

Is your cat’s litter box constantly a mess of loose stool? Chronic diarrhea in cats can be frustrating and worrisome for any pet parent.

As fellow cat lovers at SnuggleSouls, we understand how upsetting it is to see your furry friend in distress.

In this guide, we’ll walk you through why chronic diarrhea happens, how veterinarians diagnose and treat it, and what you can do at home to help your cat get back to healthy, happy bathroom habits.

Key Takeaways

What Counts as Chronic Diarrhea: Chronic diarrhea means frequent, soft or watery stools lasting at least 3 weeks. It’s more than just a one-off upset tummy – persistent diarrhea is a sign of an underlying issue.

Many Possible Causes: Long-term diarrhea can stem from intestinal problems (like parasites, inflammatory bowel disease, or food allergies) or whole-body issues (such as hyperthyroidism or kidney disease). Identifying small vs. large bowel diarrhea (large volume vs. small, frequent dribbles) gives clues to the cause.

Stepwise Diagnosis: Vets use a step-by-step approach – first a thorough history and stool tests to rule out parasites/infection, then blood work and imaging if needed. Often, a diet trial (feeding a special diet for a few weeks) is done to see if food intolerance is the culprit. Advanced tests like ultrasound or biopsy might be necessary for elusive cases.

Targeted Treatment: Treatment depends on the cause. It may include deworming for parasites, antibiotics or probiotics for bacterial imbalances, thyroid meds for hyperthyroidism, or steroids for inflammatory bowel disease. Dietary management is key: many cats improve on a novel protein or hydrolyzed diet (especially for food allergies/IBD) or a high-fiber diet (for certain other conditions). Vitamin B12 supplements are often given because cats with chronic diarrhea frequently have low B12.

Home Care is Crucial: You can take steps at home to support your cat. Ensure they stay hydrated, consider a short bland diet trial (with vet guidance), use feline probiotics or a bit of canned pumpkin for fiber, and never give human anti-diarrheal drugs without veterinary approval. If your cat is otherwise acting normal, these home remedies may firm up their stool in a few days. Always see a vet if diarrhea is severe, contains blood, or if your cat seems sick.

What Is Chronic Diarrhea in Cats?

Chronic diarrhea isn’t a specific disease – it’s a symptom that something is off with your cat’s health. So, what counts as “chronic”? Generally, any diarrhea that persists for around three weeks or more is considered chronic.

In other words, if you’ve been dealing with soft, unformed poops in the litter box day after day, that’s chronic diarrhea rather than a brief stomach upset.

From a medical perspective, diarrhea means the food is moving too quickly through the intestines, so your cat’s body doesn’t absorb enough nutrients or water.

The result is loose, mushy, or watery stool instead of the well-formed brown logs we expect. Chronic diarrhea can affect cats of any age or breed.

However, kittens, senior cats, and those with weak immune systems are at higher risk of complications like dehydration and weight loss, so persistent diarrhea in these cats is especially concerning.

Small Bowel vs. Large Bowel Diarrhea: Why It Matters

Not all diarrhea is created equal. Vets often classify chronic diarrhea by whether it’s coming from the small intestine or the large intestine (colon), because each type has different hallmarks and causes. You can get clues by observing the poop itself and your cat’s litter box behavior:

Small Intestinal Diarrhea (Small-Bowel)

Typically results in large volumes of watery or pudding-like stool, but with normal or only slightly increased frequency of defecation. You might find big puddles of loose stool once or twice a day. Cats usually do not strain to poop in these cases.

If there is blood, it tends to be dark, blackish stool (called melena, which is digested blood) because it originated higher up in the gut. Weight loss is more common with small-bowel diarrhea, since nutrient absorption in the small intestine is compromised.

Large Intestinal Diarrhea (Large-Bowel)

Produces small amounts of stool, passed very frequently. Your cat may be running to the litter box every couple of hours, straining (tenesmus) but only passing a small blob of soft or semi-formed stool each time.

Fresh red blood or mucus on the stool is common because the colon or rectum is irritated and bleeding (think of streaks of red on the stool or jelly-like mucus).

Cats with large-bowel issues often urgently need to go and may have accidents outside the box due to the urgency. They might also appear to strain and scoot, looking uncomfortable during and after defecation.

Understanding which pattern your cat has can guide the search for causes. For example, small-intestine diarrhea is often linked to problems like food allergies, pancreatic issues, or small intestinal disease, whereas large-intestine diarrhea (sometimes called colitis) is frequently due to parasites, colonic inflammation, or stress.

Some cats have mixed diarrhea (a bit of both types) – not uncommon, since one issue can lead to widespread GI upset.

When you discuss your cat’s stool with your vet, describing these characteristics (volume, frequency, straining, blood or not) will help them pinpoint where in the gut the trouble lies.

Common Causes of Chronic Diarrhea in Cats

Chronic diarrhea in cats can have many different causes, ranging from something as simple as a diet change to more complex illnesses. Broadly, veterinarians divide causes into two buckets:

Primary intestinal causes – diseases or issues that directly affect the digestive tract.

Secondary (non-intestinal) causes – diseases elsewhere in the body that trigger diarrhea as a side effect.

Let’s go through each category. It’s a bit of a long list, but don’t worry – we’ll highlight the most common culprits and what they mean for your cat.

Intestinal Causes (GI Diseases)

These are problems originating within the gastrointestinal tract itself (stomach, intestines, pancreas). They tend to cause small-bowel diarrhea, large-bowel diarrhea, or sometimes both.

Parasites

Intestinal parasites are one of the top causes of chronic loose stool, especially in young cats or those from shelters/catteries. Protozoans like Giardia and Tritrichomonas foetus, or common worms (roundworms, hookworms, whipworms), can live in the gut and cause persistent diarrhea.

For example, Tritrichomonas foetus is a protozoan that often causes chronic large-bowel diarrhea with mucus in young cats – one UK study found it in about 14% of diarrheic cats, particularly pedigreed kittens. 

Giardia is another pesky parasite that can cause foul-smelling, intermittent diarrhea. Even if you’ve dewormed your cat, some parasites require specific tests to detect.

Chronic Infections

Certain bacteria and viruses can lead to ongoing diarrhea. Two infamous bacteria are Clostridium perfringens and Campylobacter – they can upset the gut flora, especially after stress or antibiotic use.

Chronic viral infections like feline leukemia virus (FeLV) or feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) can also cause diarrhea or make a cat more prone to secondary infections.

Usually, infections also cause other signs (fever, poor appetite) but mild chronic infections might present mainly as loose stool.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

IBD is a common diagnosis for chronic diarrhea in cats. It’s a condition where the intestinal lining is infiltrated with inflammatory cells (kind of like feline IBS, but with actual inflammation).

Cats with IBD often have intermittent vomiting and diarrhea, weight loss, and abnormal stool that can be small or large bowel in nature. IBD is essentially an overactive immune response in the gut – triggers could be certain foods or bacterial imbalances.

It often requires a biopsy to definitively diagnose. Many cats with IBD respond to diet changes (novel protein diets) or medications like corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.

Food Allergies or Intolerances

Food-related diarrhea is more common than many cat owners realize. Cats can develop an allergy to a protein (for example, chicken or beef) or an intolerance to certain ingredients. The result can be chronic diarrhea, sometimes with vomiting or itchy skin.

In fact, research has shown that about 30% of cats with chronic idiopathic diarrhea turn out to have food sensitivities and improve on a hypoallergenic diet.

This is why vets often suggest a diet trial early in the process – it’s non-invasive and can be very rewarding if the diarrhea resolves with a simple food change.

Malabsorption or Digestive Disorders

If a cat can’t properly digest or absorb nutrients, diarrhea can result. A key example is Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency (EPI) – a rare condition in cats where the pancreas doesn’t produce enough digestive enzymes.

Cats with EPI have voluminous, greasy diarrhea and weight loss despite a good appetite. Another example is protein-losing enteropathy, where diseases like IBD cause the gut to leak protein, often leading to chronic diarrhea and weight loss.

These conditions often show up in blood tests (like low B12 or low protein levels).

Partial Obstructions or GI Masses

Sometimes a partial blockage in the intestines (say, from swallowing a foreign object, or a polyp/tumor in the gut) can cause intermittent diarrhea. The blockage may allow some feces to pass but irritates the gut or causes partial maldigestion.

Cats with an obstruction might have alternating diarrhea and constipation, or vomiting as well. This is where imaging (X-ray or ultrasound) becomes important to rule out any physical blockage.

Triaditis

Cats have a unique tendency to develop combined inflammation of the gut, liver, and pancreas – a triad of issues known (conveniently) as triaditis. Chronic diarrhea in cats with triaditis is usually accompanied by vomiting and poor appetite.

Essentially, it’s IBD + pancreatitis + cholangitis (bile duct inflammation) occurring together. Managing triaditis often requires a multifaceted approach (diet change, B12 shots, anti-inflammatory meds, etc.), but recognizing it explains why some cats have so many GI symptoms at once.

This isn’t an exhaustive list (other rare causes include fungal infections, FIP causing granulomatous intestinal lesions, etc.), but these are the heavy hitters. The good news: many of these intestinal causes can be treated or managed once identified.

Non-Intestinal (Systemic) Causes

Chronic diarrhea isn’t always due to a gut problem – sometimes it’s a byproduct of an issue elsewhere in the body. Here are some notable ones:

Hyperthyroidism

Cats with an overactive thyroid often have revved-up metabolisms. Along with weight loss and hyperactivity, they can get chronic diarrhea because the excess thyroid hormone speeds up intestinal transit.

If your cat is middle-aged or older and has diarrhea plus ravenous appetite and weight loss, hyperthyroidism is a top rule-out.

A simple blood test for thyroid levels (T4) can diagnose this, and treatment (medication or other therapies) usually resolves the diarrhea.

Chronic Kidney Disease

Advanced kidney disease can cause gastrointestinal signs, including diarrhea or vomiting. Uremia (high toxin levels from kidney failure) irritates the GI lining.

Also, some kidney diets or supplements might not agree with every cat’s stomach, causing looser stool.

If your cat has known kidney issues and develops chronic soft stool, it may be related – managing the kidney disease and using gut-protectants often helps.

Liver Disease

The liver produces bile acids that aid digestion. Liver dysfunction or bile duct issues can lead to maldigestion and diarrhea.

For instance, cats with cholangiohepatitis or liver tumors might have intermittent diarrhea, often alongside other signs like jaundice or poor appetite.

Diabetes Mellitus

In diabetic cats (especially if not well-regulated), you might see diarrhea because of the effects of high blood sugar on gut motility and flora.

Additionally, diabetics are prone to pancreatic issues and infections that can cause diarrhea.

Unregulated diabetes can present with weight loss, increased thirst/urination, and sometimes diarrhea as a secondary symptom.

Cancer (Neoplasia)

Cancers can cause diarrhea whether they are in the GI tract or elsewhere. The most common GI cancer in cats is alimentary lymphoma (a type of intestinal cancer), which can look just like IBD – chronic small-bowel diarrhea and weight loss.

Lymphoma often needs chemotherapy or steroids. Other cancers outside the GI (like mast cell tumors or widespread cancer) can release substances or cause stress responses that lead to diarrhea as well.

If a cat’s chronic diarrhea is due to cancer, often other signs (like severe weight loss or bloodwork changes) will point in that direction.

Pancreatitis

Chronic pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) is tricky in cats – it often smolders with vague symptoms like lethargy and poor appetite. But some cats with chronic pancreatitis also have bouts of diarrhea, especially if the pancreatic inflammation affects digestion.

Pancreatitis often accompanies IBD (as part of triaditis), so it’s hard to separate, but it’s worth noting as a contributor to chronic GI upset.

As you can see, almost any major body system issue can manifest as diarrhea in cats. This is why your vet might ask about your cat’s overall health, not just poop habits, when sleuthing the cause.

Don’t panic about the long list of possibilities. While chronic diarrhea sounds complex, your veterinarian will use clues from the history, physical exam, and basic tests to narrow it down quickly. In many cases, we find a relatively common explanation (parasites and diet issues are top of the list, honestly). The key is doing a proper workup rather than guessing.

Cat Diarrhea Treatment Options

If you’re feeling overwhelmed or want more step-by-step guidance tailored specifically to cat parents, we’ve got you covered. Check out our in-depth, practical guide designed especially for caring cat owners: Cat Diarrhea Treatment: For Cat Parents Guide

When it comes to treating chronic diarrhea in cats, there is no one-size-fits-all fix. The treatment has to address whatever’s actually causing the diarrhea.

That’s why the diagnostic process we described is so important – a dewormer won’t stop diarrhea caused by hyperthyroidism, and a thyroid pill won’t help a cat with IBD. So the first principle is: treat the underlying cause whenever possible.

That said, we can discuss the main treatment strategies by category:

Deworming and Anti-Parasitics

If tests show (or even strongly suspect) parasites, the vet will prescribe medication to eliminate them. Common dewormers include fenbendazole (effective against Giardia and many worms) and praziquantel (for tapeworms).

For Tritrichomonas foetus, a specific antibiotic called ronidazole is used. Often, even if initial fecal tests are negative, vets will administer a broad dewormer “just in case” because parasites are so common and hard to fully rule out. You might notice improved stool within a week of deworming if parasites were the culprit.

Dietary Therapy

Diet changes are a cornerstone of chronic diarrhea treatment. In many cases, simply switching what your cat eats can dramatically improve stool quality. There are two main diet approaches:

Highly Digestible, Low-Fat/High-Fiber Diet

This type of diet (often a prescription gastrointestinal diet) is designed to be very gentle on the stomach and easy to absorb. Fiber can help regulate stool consistency. We use this for conditions like mild pancreatitis, certain infections, or even “sensitive stomach” cats.

Fiber (like psyllium or beet pulp in the food) absorbs excess water, helping firm up the stool, and it feeds beneficial gut bacteria.

Low fat is helpful because fat can be hard to digest and can worsen loose stools, but note: unlike dogs, most cats don’t need a heavily fat-restricted diet for diarrhea unless pancreatitis is a factor. Still, a moderate fat diet that is easy to digest is often tried first for chronic diarrhea of unclear cause.

Novel Protein or Hydrolyzed Protein Diet

This is the go-to for suspected food allergies or IBD. A novel protein diet means the cat is fed a protein source they have never eaten before (e.g., duck, venison, rabbit, or even unusual ones like alligator or kangaroo, depending on availability).

The idea is to eliminate common allergens (chicken, beef, fish, dairy, etc.) and “fly under the radar” of the immune system. A hydrolyzed diet takes it a step further by using proteins that are broken down into tiny molecules that the immune system should theoretically not recognize as allergens.

For many cats with chronic diarrhea, a strict diet trial on a novel or hydrolyzed diet for 8–12 weeks can lead to complete resolution of diarrhea if food intolerance was the cause .

It requires discipline – no other foods or treats during the trial – but it can be very rewarding when you find the diet that agrees with your cat’s tummy. As noted earlier, blood tests for food allergies in cats are not very reliable, so the proof is in the diet trial.

Sometimes, if a cat also has large-bowel diarrhea, adding a little extra soluble fiber (like canned pumpkin or psyllium) to either type of diet can help, but always do this under vet guidance to ensure the overall diet stays balanced.

Remember, any diet changes for cats should be done gradually over 7–10 days to avoid causing diarrhea from the transition itself.

Probiotics and Gut Supplements

There is growing evidence that probiotics (beneficial bacteria) can help manage chronic diarrhea by restoring a healthy gut flora balance. Certain strains of probiotics (like Enterococcus faecium or Bifidobacterium species) have been shown to modulate the immune system and reduce inflammation in the gut.

We often recommend a feline-specific probiotic powder or paste – these can be sprinkled on food daily. While probiotics aren’t a magic cure on their own, they are a great supportive therapy that can firm up stools and have virtually no downside. Think of it as re-seeding the gut with good guys to outcompete any bad guys causing loose stools.

Another supplement often needed is vitamin B₁₂ (cobalamin). Many cats with chronic enteropathy have low B₁₂ levels, which can actually perpetuate diarrhea and poor appetite. Giving B₁₂ (usually by injection under the skin once a week for several weeks, or high-dose oral B₁₂) can improve appetite, energy, and help the intestine heal.

Supportive Care

With chronic diarrhea, especially if it’s severe, we may need to provide supportive treatments. Fluid therapy might be needed if a cat is dehydrated (subcutaneous fluids can often be given in clinic or at home to keep a chronically ill cat hydrated). 

Anti-diarrheal medications that slow gut motility (like loperamide) are rarely used in cats because they can cause more harm than good – and they only mask symptoms without treating the cause.

In fact, never give over-the-counter human anti-diarrheal drugs to cats without explicit veterinary direction – drugs like Pepto-Bismol or Imodium can be dangerous to cats.

If needed, vets might use a prescription gut protectant like metronidazole (for its anti-inflammatory effect) or kaolin-pectin and probiotic blends to firm stool, but again, these are adjuncts. Diet, deworming, and addressing inflammation are far more crucial for long-term resolution.

Home Care Tips for Cats with Chronic Diarrhea

Dealing with chronic diarrhea isn’t just a veterinary journey – it’s also about daily home management. There’s a lot you can do to keep your cat comfortable and support their recovery.

Think of yourself and your vet as a team: the vet provides the medical plan, and you implement supportive care at home to maximize success. Here are some practical, hands-on home care tips from our team to you:

Hydration, Hydration, Hydration

Cats with ongoing diarrhea lose a lot of fluid and electrolytes, which can lead to dehydration. Make sure fresh water is always available.

You might need to entice your cat to drink more – consider offering cat fountains (many cats love running water) or flavoring the water lightly with a bit of tuna juice or low-sodium chicken broth (just a splash).

If your cat eats dry kibble, ask the vet if temporarily switching to canned food is advisable – the higher moisture content can help with hydration.

Litter Box Hygiene

Diarrhea can be messy (for you and your cat). Keep the litter box extra clean and scoop frequently. A cat with diarrhea may have urgency and might not make it to a far-away box in time, so consider adding an extra litter box in the area where the cat spends most of its time.

Use unscented, soft litter – their bottom might be irritated, and strong litter scents can bother them. If your cat has long hair, you may want to trim the fur around their rear end (a “sanitary trim”) to prevent fecal matter from sticking and causing skin irritation.

Gently clean your cat’s hindquarters with a warm, damp cloth if they get soiled; keeping the area clean will prevent rashes and discomfort.

Gradual Feeding & Small Meals

Rather than one or two big meals, try feeding small, frequent meals throughout the day. This can be easier on the GI tract – less volume at once gives the compromised intestines a better chance to absorb nutrients.

For example, if you normally feed two cans a day, split it into four half-can meals. Make sure the food is at room temperature (cold food can sometimes provoke gut sensitivity).

Observe how your cat responds – some cats with diarrhea actually prefer to eat little and often.

Probiotics and Supplements at Home

If your vet has recommended probiotics or other supplements (like B₁₂ or fiber), make them part of the daily routine. 

Probiotic powders are usually palatable; sprinkle them on a small portion of food to ensure your cat eats it all. 

Pumpkin puree (plain canned pumpkin, not spiced pie filling) is a great natural fiber source – a teaspoon mixed into food can help firm up stool for some cats.

We’ve had many cat parents swear by pumpkin or psyllium husk (Metamucil) for large-bowel diarrhea. Just introduce fiber slowly to avoid gas.

Avoid Stress and Provide Comfort

Stress can exacerbate diarrhea (cats have very sensitive GI tracts when it comes to anxiety). Try to keep your cat’s environment calm and routine. Provide a quiet resting place, and minimize big changes during this period (like renovations, new pets, etc., if possible).

Give them gentle love and reassurance – your cat may feel a bit under the weather, so extra snuggles or brushing sessions can help them feel secure. At SnuggleSouls, we believe emotional well-being plays a role in physical healing.

Never Give Medications Without Vet Approval

We mentioned it before, but it’s worth emphasizing as a home care rule: don’t administer over-the-counter human meds for diarrhea unless your vet explicitly okays it. That includes Imodium (loperamide), Pepto-Bismol (bismuth subsalicylate), Kaopectate, etc.

Cats don’t metabolize drugs the same way humans or even dogs do – some can be toxic. If you want to help beyond diet and probiotics, talk to your vet. They might prescribe a feline-safe antidiarrheal or pain relief if needed. Stick to vet-approved remedies and the treatment plan given.

Monitor and Record Progress

Keep a notebook or notes on your phone about your cat’s daily status. Note the stool consistency each day (many veterinarians use a fecal scoring chart from 1 (hard pellets) to 7 (watery) – you can simply describe it as formed, soft, liquid, etc.). Record appetite, any vomiting, and energy level.

This will help you notice improvements (yay, from watery to pudding-like today!) and also catch any setbacks early. This log is also incredibly helpful to share with your vet during recheck exams. It’s data that can guide if the current plan is working or if tweaks are needed.

Be Patient and Consistent

Chronic conditions improve gradually. It’s rare to see overnight success. Follow the vet’s instructions closely – for example, finish all medications even if the poop looks better (there could still be lingering infection), and stick with the diet even if there’s no change in the first week (food trials can take several weeks for full effect).

In general, home care can greatly improve your cat’s comfort and outcomes when dealing with chronic diarrhea.

By providing a clean, stress-free environment, proper nutrition, and adhering to the medical plan, you’re doing the very best for your feline friend. And remember, our SnuggleSouls team is always here to answer questions or adjust the plan – you’re not tackling this alone.

Conclusion

Chronic diarrhea in cats is a complex and often distressing condition for both the feline patient and its guardian. It is a symptom, not a definitive diagnosis, and its persistence signals an underlying issue that demands thorough investigation and a tailored approach.

The journey to resolution often requires patience, meticulous observation, and a strong partnership between the pet guardian and the veterinary team.

By understanding the potential causes, recognizing red flags that necessitate immediate veterinary attention, actively participating in the diagnostic process, and adhering to a comprehensive, individualized treatment plan, pet guardians can significantly improve their cat’s comfort, health, and long-term well-being.

The commitment to understanding and addressing these persistent gastrointestinal challenges ensures that feline companions can return to a life of vitality and comfort.

If you’re ever feeling overwhelmed, remember you’re not alone – reach out to your vet or even cat owner support groups. Sharing experiences (and tips that worked) can be a huge relief.

At SnuggleSouls, our team’s mission is to help you solve these real-life problems, not just hand you textbook info. We’re here for you and your feline family members every step of the way.

Need More Help?

Chronic diarrhea can be complicated, but we’ve got your back! If you’re looking for a comprehensive resource covering everything you need to know about feline diarrhea—from understanding symptoms and immediate care tips to prevention and detailed explanations—check out our complete guide:

👉Cat Diarrhea: Everything you need to know

FAQ

How do I know if my cat’s diarrhea is chronic?

If your cat has had frequent loose or watery stools lasting for more than 3 weeks, it’s considered chronic and requires veterinary attention.

What are the most common causes of chronic diarrhea in cats?

Common causes include parasites, food allergies, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), infections, hyperthyroidism, and certain cancers.

When should I take my cat to the vet for diarrhea?

You should see a vet if diarrhea lasts over a week, has blood or mucus, if your cat seems lethargic, dehydrated, or is experiencing vomiting and weight loss.

Can I give my cat human medication for diarrhea?

No, human anti-diarrheal medications like Imodium or Pepto-Bismol can be toxic to cats. Always consult your veterinarian before administering medication.

What foods help stop chronic diarrhea in cats?

Veterinary-recommended diets such as novel protein diets, hydrolyzed protein foods, or high-fiber formulas can effectively manage chronic diarrhea.

Do probiotics really help cats with chronic diarrhea?

Yes, probiotics can improve gut health by restoring beneficial bacteria, reducing inflammation, and helping firm up stools in cats with diarrhea.

Is chronic diarrhea in cats serious?

Yes, chronic diarrhea can lead to dehydration, nutrient deficiencies, and weight loss, and may signal serious underlying conditions. Veterinary care is crucial.

How long does it take to cure chronic diarrhea in cats?

Treatment length varies; dietary-related diarrhea might improve within weeks, while conditions like IBD might require ongoing management.

Can stress cause chronic diarrhea in cats?

Yes, stress can exacerbate or even trigger diarrhea in sensitive cats. Reducing stress through routine and environmental enrichment can help.

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